Bearings
Bearings - Type, functions & applications
What are bearings? Functions and applications explained
Bearings are essential components in machines and equipment. They enable smooth motion, reduce friction, and increase the lifespan of rotating parts. On this page, you'll find:
- How bearings work
- The most common bearing types
- What to consider when choosing a bearing
How do bearings work?
A bearing transfers loads between a stationary part (such as the housing) and a rotating part (such as the shaft), while minimizing friction.
Typical sources of load include:
- The weight of the machine or its components
- The product being moved
- Power transmission
In rolling element bearings, the load is transferred through rolling parts like balls, rollers, or needles.
What affects the lifespan of a bearing?
For a bearing to operate smoothly and last long, several factors are critical:
- Cleanliness of the steel and work environment
- Lubricatie: correct type and amount
- Seals to keep out dirt and moisture
- Precision in fit, clearance, and speed
- Proper installation with the right tools
- External conditions such as temperature, load, and contamination
Basic bearing construction
Most bearings consist of:
- Two rings with raceways: the inner ring connects to the rotating shaft, the outer ring to the housing
- Rolling elements: such as balls or rollers that reduce friction
- Cage: keeps the rolling elements evenly spaced
🔧 The most commonly used type worldwide is the single-row deep groove ball bearing.
Overview of common bearing types
| Bearing type | Features |
|---|---|
| Deep groove ball bearings | Universal use, suitable for high speeds |
| Angular contact bearings | Offers high radial and axial load capacity |
| Self-aligning ball bearings | Compensates misalignment, ideal for long shafts |
| Cylinder bearings | High radial load capacity and high rigidity |
| Tapered roller bearings | Suitable for combined loads |
| Spherical roller bearings | Self-adjusting, high load capacity |
| Thrust bearings | Specific for axial loading |
Bearing standards (ISO)
Every bearing is labeled with a specific type code based on ISO standards. These codes allow full interchangeability of bearings across brands, as long as the number matches.
